Objective 31
Describe
Piaget's theory of intellectual development with special regard to the
following: assimilation and accommodation, object concept in the sensorimotor
stage, the symbolic function in the pre-operational stage, conservation in the
concrete operational stage, and the use of the hypothetical-deductive method in
the formal operational stage.
Explanation:
Piaget explained how we use and adjust schemas by assimilation and accommodation. Assimilation is interperating our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas or adding information to existing folders. Accommodation is adapting our current understandings to incorporate new information or making new folders for new information. Piaget believed that children construct their understanding of the world while interacting with it. Piaget proposed four stages of cognitive development. They are the sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage, concrete operational stage, and formal operational stage. The sensorimotor stage happens from birth to two years of age. Children experience the world through their senses and actions. It involves object permanence which is the awareness that objects continue to exist when not perceived. The second stage which is the preoperational stage happens between two and six to seven years of age. In this stage children represent things with words and images. It uses symbolic functions which is where children master the ability to picture and remember objects in their minds that are not right in front of them. They can create mental images of objects and store them in their minds for later use. The third stage is the concrete operational stage and it happens from seven to eleven years of age. In this stage children think logically about concrete events. This stage involves conservation which is the principle that says quantity remains the same despite changes in shape. The last stage is the formal operational stage and it happens from about twelve years old to adulthood. This stage involves the hypothetical-deductive method which is the scientific method: forming a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and drawing conclusions from your data.
Piaget explained how we use and adjust schemas by assimilation and accommodation. Assimilation is interperating our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas or adding information to existing folders. Accommodation is adapting our current understandings to incorporate new information or making new folders for new information. Piaget believed that children construct their understanding of the world while interacting with it. Piaget proposed four stages of cognitive development. They are the sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage, concrete operational stage, and formal operational stage. The sensorimotor stage happens from birth to two years of age. Children experience the world through their senses and actions. It involves object permanence which is the awareness that objects continue to exist when not perceived. The second stage which is the preoperational stage happens between two and six to seven years of age. In this stage children represent things with words and images. It uses symbolic functions which is where children master the ability to picture and remember objects in their minds that are not right in front of them. They can create mental images of objects and store them in their minds for later use. The third stage is the concrete operational stage and it happens from seven to eleven years of age. In this stage children think logically about concrete events. This stage involves conservation which is the principle that says quantity remains the same despite changes in shape. The last stage is the formal operational stage and it happens from about twelve years old to adulthood. This stage involves the hypothetical-deductive method which is the scientific method: forming a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and drawing conclusions from your data.
Example:
This picture shows a baby that does not yet understand object permanence. Object permanence is the awareness that objects continue to exist when not perceived. When playing peekaboo babies that do not understand object permanence think that the person they are playing with is gone. They learn in the sensorimotor stage that the person playing peekaboo with them continues to exist.
This picture shows a baby that does not yet understand object permanence. Object permanence is the awareness that objects continue to exist when not perceived. When playing peekaboo babies that do not understand object permanence think that the person they are playing with is gone. They learn in the sensorimotor stage that the person playing peekaboo with them continues to exist.
Example:
This picture shows a good example of conservation that happens in the concrete operational stage. Kids that don't understand conservation don't realize that a quantity remains the same despite changes in shape. Even when the kid in the picture is shown two equal glasses of water, she still thinks that the water that was poured in the long skinny glass has more.
This picture shows a good example of conservation that happens in the concrete operational stage. Kids that don't understand conservation don't realize that a quantity remains the same despite changes in shape. Even when the kid in the picture is shown two equal glasses of water, she still thinks that the water that was poured in the long skinny glass has more.